Nanomedicine Journal

Nanomedicine Journal

L-Carnosine-coated nanoceria promotes proliferation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts via STAT3/BCL2 axis activation

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Elena V Proskurnina 1, 2
Madina M. Sozarukova 1
Elizaveta S. Ershova 3
Natalia N Veiko 3
Matvei A Popkov 1
Edmund V Kostyuk 1
Vladimir K Ivanov 1
Svetlana V Kostyuk 1, 3
1 Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2 Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, North Ossetian State University named after Kosta Levanovich Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
3 Institute of Longevity with a Clinic of Rehabilitation and Preventive Medicine, Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after Academician B.V. Petrovsky, Moscow, Russia
10.22038/nmj.2026.90673.2292
Abstract
Background: Nanoceria exhibits unique catalytic activity toward reactive oxygen species (ROS), mimicking the functions of natural enzymes—a property that underlies its biomedical applications, given the essential role of ROS in living organisms. Carnosine is a pH buffer with intrinsic antioxidant properties; it chelates metals and binds carbonyl compounds.
Objective(s): Using human embryonic lung fibroblast model, this study investigates the impacts of carnosine-conjugated nanoscale CeO2 on cell survival, cellular oxidative status, ROS-induced DNA oxidation, dual-strand DNA breaks, activation of DNA repair response, and gene and protein expression of NOX4, NRF2, STAT3, as well as proliferation and autophagy markers.
Results: Carnosine-conjugated nanoceria proved to be non-cytotoxic at millimolar concentrations. Its effects on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, DNA repair, mitochondrial membrane potential, autophagy, and NOX4 and NRF2 expression were similar to those of bare nanoceria. The principal differences were observed in the expression of STAT3, PCNA, and BCL2 proteins, where carnosine‑coated nanoceria induced a pronounced activating impact after 24 h of exposure, thus promoting proliferation and increasing concentration of the PCNA proliferation marker.
Conclusion: We hypothesize that carnosine‑coated nanoceria directly activates the STAT3/BCL2 axis. These findings may facilitate the development of new molecular models for studying signaling pathways and advance in characterization of the nanoceria’s biochemical roles in regulating ROS‑driven cellular pathways. Moreover, carnosine‑coated nanoceria could be considered a potential agent for enhancing the survival of cell cultures—such as hematopoietic cultures intended for transplantation—through activation of the STAT3/BCL2 axis.
Keywords
Ceric oxide
carnosine
cell proliferation
reactive oxygen species
fibroblasts
Subjects
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Nanomedicine Journal
Volume 13, Issue 2
Spring 2026
Pages 310-326