Comparison of nano-hydroxyapatite productivity by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescense through encapsulation method

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Microbiology Department, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Chemistry Department, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Objective(s):  
The production of nano-hydroxyapatite by two encapsulated bacterial strains was the goal of current research. 
Materials and Methods:  
Serratia marcscens ATCC 14756 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1570 were used by two methods including encapsulated form in 2% (w/v) alginate sodium powder and inoculated form (10%) in nutrient broth medium containing alginate sodium blank beads. In both cases alginate beads transferred to calcium and phosphorus precursors mineral medium for 48 h and were incubated at 32-35 °C for 14 days. To obtain hydroxyapatite powder, alginate beads were dried at 60 °C and rubbed. Sol-gel as chemical method was used for comparing with microbial analysis. The nature of produced powders was evaluated in each step by XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy. 
Results:  
The results showed that the yield rate of sol-gel method was 18.3% and it was much more than encapsulated method (3.032 and 3.203 w/w dried alginate bead). The size of the particles in microbial method were smaller (8-68 nm cylindrical particles and 12-55 and 15-37 nm spherical particles) than chemical method (350-880 nm of cylindrical and 34-67 nm of spherical particles). 
Conclusion:  
Nanoparticle sizes and distribution of microbial nano-hydroxyapatite powder samples shows that it has excellent physical properties similar to natural bone and may be to produce dense and porous bioactive bone implants with desired properties.

Keywords

References

1. Chai CS, Ben-Nissan B. Bioactive nanocrystalline sol-gel hydroxyapatite coatings. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 1999; 10: 465-469.
2. Nayak AK. Hydroxyapatite Synthesis Methodologies: An Overview. Int J Chem Tech Res. 2010; 2(2): 903-907.
3. Ahmad Ramli R, Adnan R, Abu Bakar M, Malik Masudi S. Synthesis and Charac terisation of Pure Nanoporous Hydroxyapatite. J Phys Sci. 2011; 2(1): 25-37.
4. Rajkumar M, Meenakshisundaram N, Rajendran V. Development of nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate: Synthesis and characterisation. Mater Charact. 2011; 62: 469-479.
5. Beganskiene A, Dudko O, Sirutkaitis R, Giraitis R. Water Based Sol-Gel Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite. Mater Sci. 2003; 9(4): 383-386.
6. Sanosh KP, Min-Cheol C, Balakrishnan N, Kim TN, Seong-Jai C. Preparation and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite powder using sol–gel technique. Bull Mater Sci. 2009; 32(5): 465-470.
7. Nikpour MR, Rabiee SM, Jahanshahi M. Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatit e/chitosan nanocomposite materials for medical engineering applications. Compos Part B. 2012; 43: 1881-1886.
8. Balamurugan A, Michel J, Faure J, Benhayoune H, Wortham L, Sockalingum G, Banchet V, Bouthors S, Laurent-Maquin D, Balossier G. Synthesis and structural analysis of sol-gel monophasic hydroxyapatite. Ceram-Silik. 2006; 50(1): 27-31.
9. Zadegan S, Hossainalipour M, Ghassai H, Rezaie HR, Naimi-Jamal MR. Synthesis of Cellulose-nanohydroxyapatite composite in 1-n-butyl--methylimidazolium chloride. Ceram Int. 2010; 36: 2375-2381.
10. Huang SB, Gao SS, Yu HY. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite concentration on remineralization of initial enamel lesion in vitro. Biomed Mater. 2009; 4: 034104 (6pp).
11. Toriyama M, Ravaglioli A, Krajewski A, Gelotti G, Piancastelli A. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite-based powders by mechano-chemical method and their sintering. J Eur Ceram Soc. 1997; 16: 429-436.
12. Silva CC, Pinheiro AG, Miranda MAR., Gَes JC, Sombra ASB. Structural properties of hydroxyapatite obtained by mechanosynthesis. Solid State Sci. 2003; 5(4): 553-558.
13. Otsuka M, Matsuda Y, Hsu J, Fox J, Higuchi W. Mechanochemical synthesis of bioactive material: Effect of environmental conditions on the phase transformation of calcium phosphates during grinding. Bio-Med Mater Eng. 1994; 4: 357-362.
14. Yoshimura M, Suda H, Okamoto K, Ioku K. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biocompatible Whiskers. J Mater Sci. 1994; 29: 3339-3402.
15. Liu M, Chin T, Lai L, Chiu S, Chung K, Chang C. Hydroxyapatite Synthesized by Simplified Hydrothermal Method. Ceram Int. 1997; 23: 19-25.
16. Kimura I. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite by interfacial reaction in a multiple emulsion. Res Lett Mater Sci. 2007; 71284 (4pp).
17. Tas AC. Synthesis of biomimetic Ca-hydroxyapatite powders at 37 degrees in synthetic body fluids. Biomaterials. 2000; 21: 1429-1438.
18. Thamaraiselvi TV, Prabakaran K, Rajeswari S. Synthsis of hydroxyapatite that mimic bone mineralogy. Trends Biomater Artif Org. 2006; 19(2): 81-83.
19. Santos MH, de Oliveira M, de Freitas Souza P, Mansur HS, Vasconcelos WL. Synthesis control and characterization of hydroxyapatite prepared by wet precipitation process. Mater Res. 2004; 7(4): 625-630.
20. Manuel CM, Ferraz MP, Monteiro FJ. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles, Preliminary Studies. Key Eng Mater. 2003; 240-242: 555-58.
21. Shikhanzadeh M. Direct formation of nanophase hydroxyapatite on cathodically pola rized electrodes. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 1998; 9(2): 67-72.
22. Suchanek W, Yoshimura M. Processing and properties of hydroxyapatite based biomaterials for use as hard tissue replacement implants. J Mater Res. 1998; 13: 94-117.
23. Elliott JC. Structure and Chemistry of the Apatites and other Calcium Orthophosphates. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 1994.
24. Brendel T, Engel A, Russel C. Hydroxyapatite coating by polymeric route. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 1992; 3: 175-179.
25. Takahashi H, Yashima M, Kakihana M, Yoshimura M. Synthesis of stochiometric hydroxyapatite by a gel route from the aqueous solution of citric and phosphoneac etic acids. Eur J Solid State Inorg Chem. 1995; 32: 829-835.
26. Haddow DB, James PF, Van Noort R. Characterization of sol-gel surfaces for biomedical applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 1996; 7: 255-260.
27. Vijayalakshmi U, Rajeswari S. Preparation and characterization of micro crystalline hydroxyapatite using sol-gel method. Trends Mater Artif Org. 2006; 19(2): 57-62.
28. Macaskie LE, et al. A Novel Non Line-of-sight Method for Coating Hy droxyapati te onto the Surfaces of Support Materials by Biomineralization. J Biotechnol. 2005; 118: 187-200.
29. B, Fathi MH, Sheikh-Zeinoddin M, Soleimanian-Zad S. Bacterial synthesis of nanostructured hydroxyapatite using Serratia marcescens PTCC 1187. Int J Nanotechnol. 2009; 6(10-11): 1015-1030.
30. Khanafari A, Hosseini F. Practical Microbiology with Biochemical Function and Colord Atlas, Poorsina Puplication, 1998.
31. Baron E, Finegold S. Diagnostic Microbiology, St Louis: CV Mosby Company; 8th edition, 1986; 89: 7-9.
32. Beshay U. Production of alkaline protease by Teredinobacter turnirae cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads. Afr J Biotech. 2003; 2: 60-65.
33. Sopyan I, Sing R, Hamdi M. Synthesis of Nano Sized Hydroxyapatite Powder Using Sol-gel Technique and Its Conversion to Dense and Porous Bodies. Indian J Chem. 2008; 47: 1626-1631.
34. Sammons RL, Thackray AC, Mediledo H, Marquis PM, Jones IP, Yong P, Macaskie LE. Characterisation and sintering of nanohydroxyapatite synthesised by aspecies of Serratia. J Phys Conf Ser. 2007; 93(1).
35. Zebarjad M, Feiz B, Shahtahmasebi N, Sajjadi A. Investigation on Stability of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Produced Using Precipitation Method at Sterile Condition. MJME. 2009; 3(2): 36-44.
36. Eshtiagh-Hosseini H, Housaindokht MR, Chahkandi M. Effects of parameters of sol–gel process on the phase evolution of sol–gel derived hydroxyapatite. Mater Chem Phys. 2007; 106(2): 310-316.
37. Ota Y, Iwashita T, Kasuga T. Novel preparation method of hydroxyapa- tite fibers. J Am Ceram Soc. 1998; 81: 1665–1668.
38. Kothapalli C, Wei M, Vasiliev A, Shaw M. Influence of temperature and concentration on the sintering behaviour and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite. J Acta Mater. 2004; 52: 5655–5663.
Nanomedicine Journal
Volume 1, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
September 2014
Pages 276-284

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics